A Since the late 19th century B Since the 1990s wine boom C Since the early 20th century D Since the post-war 1950s

A Through its mix of mountain landscape, hot springs and named wine valleys B Because of Japan's largest concentration of Swiss alpine villages C Through its closeness to Tokyo and one-hour commuter rail link D Because of the prefecture's large coastline and fishing harbours

A The prefecture that first commercialised Japanese hybrid grapes at large scale B The prefecture where domestic vinifera wine first reached international quality C The prefecture with Japan's oldest documented vineyards dating to the 17th century D The prefecture that first exported sake-based fruit wine to Europe

A Several large Japanese groups — Kirin/Mercian, Suntory and Manns — run wineries B Only Suntory still operates a winery in the prefecture today C None of Japan's large drinks companies have any presence in Nagano D Only foreign groups such as LVMH and Pernod Ricard are active here

A Industrial ramen and noodle cooking from Nagano's urban centre B Coastal seafood and fresh sushi from the local fishing markets C Tropical Okinawan island dishes of pork belly and sweet potato D Mountain cuisine of soba, freshwater fish, wild vegetables and game

A A historic province lying within Yamanashi prefecture in central Honshu and northern Chubu B Only the city of Nagano and its immediate suburban municipalities in the central metro area C A Japanese prefecture whose capital is called Nagano, with most wineries lying elsewhere D An independent wine region with no administrative link to any Japanese prefecture at all